放羊的星星

37天两遇台风，记者再访友谊村——安置点人少了，重建房屋地基加高了_我的网站

一 |     台风“白海豚”已于8月10日12时50分从江山市凤林镇移出浙江，但局部地区山洪与地质灾害仍处于高风险等级。    

    A group of Chinese egrets on Fantuozi Island in Dalian, Northeast China's Liaoning Province Photo: Courtesy of Changhai County People's Government
At 5 am, Wang Piyu, deputy director of the Changhai County Natural Resources Affairs Service Center, sets out by patrol boat for Fantuozi Island, a core breeding site for Chinese egrets in the Changshan Archipelago, Northeast China's Liaoning Province. The island has no permanent residents.
About 100 meters from the island, Wang turns off the engine and reminds accompanying researchers to keep their voices low to avoid disturbing the nesting birds.
Stepping onto the island, they walk along paths covered with vines. Scattered across the rocky slopes are nests measuring 40 to 50 centimeters in diameter. Inside, fluffy chicks huddle together among soft grass woven into nests, while adult birds perch high in the trees, watching cautiously.
"This was not what the island looked like 10 years ago," Wang recalled. "People used to collect eggs here, and coastal aquaculture polluted the tidal flats. Many parts of the island were bare, leaving little vegetation for birds to nest."
The recovery of Changshan Archipelago, however, has turned the remote archipelago into an important link in global conservation efforts.
At the 48th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in Busan, South Korea, the boundary modification of the Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China was approved, officially adding the Changshan Archipelago to the World Heritage site. 
The expansion further strengthens the integrity of the serial natural heritage site, following a previous update in 2024, and highlights China's efforts to integrate coastal ecosystem conservation, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
Behind the World Heritage recognition lies years of conservation work involving local authorities and island residents.
    An aerial view of Changshan Archipelago in Liaoning Province Photo: VCGBuilding a bird haven
Located in the northern Yellow Sea off Dalian, the Changshan Archipelago sits along a key route of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, providing an essential stopover where tens of millions of migratory birds replenish their energy during their journeys across the Bohai Sea.
The newly added area covers more than 4,900 hectares and is home to more than 140 recorded bird species, including the Chinese egret and black-faced spoonbill, both listed as China's national first-class protected animals.
In 2015, more than 300 Chinese egrets arrived in Changhai county. After discovering the birds, local authorities introduced a series of protective measures, including establishing patrol teams and installing remote monitoring systems to reduce human disturbance.
However, the growing bird population also created new challenges.
Less than half of Fantuozi Island was covered by shrubs, which serve as the nesting grounds for the egrets. Additionally, the island's poor soil and acidification caused by years of accumulated bird droppings had led to the withering and death of some shrubs in recent years.
From 2022, the county launched an ecological restoration project, replacing surface soil with fertile earth and planting more than 2,200 shrubs.
The efforts helped restore the breeding habitat. The number of Chinese egrets on the island has since recovered, with this year's population estimated at about 3,500, including around 1,500 adults and nearly 2,000 chicks, according to Lü Yongquan, director of Changhai county's natural resources bureau.
"Chinese egrets are highly sensitive to water quality, vegetation and human disturbance. Their return to breed here is a sign that the marine ecosystem has recovered and is thriving," Lü told the Global Times.
From fishermen to guardians
Conservation in Changhai is not only carried out by authorities. Local communities have also gradually become part of the protection network.
Authorities have expanded public awareness campaigns and strengthened patrols. Because most of the Changshan Archipelago is uninhabited, drones, fixed-point infrared cameras, and on-site inspections are used to monitor the islands and reefs around the clock. 
Many fishermen who once relied on the sea for their livelihoods now help protect it.
During the peak breeding season from April to July, regular marine patrols are carried out to protect nesting sites and prevent illegal egg collection and habitat damage. Local bird conservation groups and research institutions have also joined the efforts, while fishermen have taken on new roles as volunteer guardians of the islands. 
Across Changhai county, many fishermen now actively participate in coastal patrols to help protect the archipelago's biodiversity.
For Li Qingsen, a 50-year-old island native and member of the county's forest fire brigade, protecting the birds has become a way of life.
From spring to autumn, 20 team members take turns staying on Fantuozi Island in pairs to protect the birds from disturbance.
Life on the 0.08-square-kilometer island is far from easy. There are no freshwater sources or docks. Patrol workers carry large barrels of water and wade ashore from boats anchored offshore. Instant noodles are often their main food because they require little preparation and some water.
Their work is closely tied to the seasonal cycle of the birds. Each April, thousands of Chinese egrets arrive in the archipelago from Southeast Asia to breed and rear their young, staying until early September before migrating south for the winter. 
At present, young egrets are already practicing flight above the treetops. By autumn, they will join their parents in a southward migration.
For Wang, who has spent half of his life guarding Fantuozi Island, the World Heritage recognition is both a homecoming for the birds and a reward for years of protection. "Now, it is a home for the birds, and a reward for all the years we have spent protecting it."
。10日上午，记者再访建德市洋溪街道友谊村。7月4日那场短时强降雨引发的小流域山洪，给这个村庄带来多重打击：多处山体滑坡，10余幢房屋倒塌，多辆汽车被洪水冲走，进村主干道多处中断。紧接着，台风“巴威”又带来一轮风雨考验。如今，间隔仅37天，第三次考验又来了。

二 | 安置点人少了 多数村民提前转移和一个多月前一样，记者首先来到村委会安置点。与上次挤满人的场景相比，这次冷清了不少：行军床上只零星坐着几个人，医护人员正为安置人员提供健康服务。村党委书记许耀文和全体村干部依旧全员在岗值守。“这次我们没等上级通知，7日就开始陆续转移了。”许耀文告诉记者。上一轮灾害，村里安置点接纳了90多名转移群众；这一轮，全村转移避险的群众数量并不少，但绝大多数村民选择自行投亲靠友，真正留在村委会安置点的仅有14人。

三 | “经历过上一次山洪，大家防灾意识明显提高，知道台风来袭该如何避险，不用一家一家硬劝。”谈及前期防范举措，许耀文介绍，村里已在上个月山洪受灾隐患点位拉起警戒线，滑坡土石方用挖掘机清理干净，排水沟也重新疏通，危险区域人员也全部转移出去了。听完介绍，记者提议去现场实地看一看。许耀文走向路边一辆迷你小电车，和他高高壮壮的身材完全不搭，他说这是从同事那儿借来的。“上次在山洪中冲走的那辆车报废了，还没时间去买车。”许耀文说，这一个多月都在村里忙重建的事，外出用车时间也不多。但记者注意到，他的手机换新的了。“上次紧急转移时不知道是磕到了还是进了水，手机直接黑屏。

四 | 当时未接电话和微信加起来有100多条，急都急死了，还是让老婆送来备用机先用。关键时候失联，那事情就大了。”许耀文说，“吃过那次亏，换手机专门挑了防水型。”重建房屋地基加高 安置新村也在规划沿着上次走过的路，记者逐一查看此前受灾最重的几个点位。在蛇坑自然村，一个多月前山体塌方处已清理完毕，但整片山体工程量太大，短期无法全面治理，原址禁止居住。“这户的附房，是全村重建进度最快的。”许耀文指着村中一间白色砖房说。上次山洪冲走了洪来顺家的泥砌附房，这次重建他专门改用砖砌。继续往村内深处走，便是许耀文上次从洪水中背出90岁老人的家，房屋重建正在推进。

五 | 受台风影响，现场暂停施工，地基已经浇筑完成，红砖整齐堆放在场地内。记者现场看到，新房屋地基较老屋足足抬高了80厘米。“上次水漫进屋里了，这次地基加高了，我们放心多了。

六 | ”老人的儿子邵益民说。村里不少村民正聚在门口纳凉聊天，没有想象中“一朝被蛇咬”的恐慌。记者询问，刚经历过山洪，台风再度来袭，大家会不会心存顾虑？村民吴树良说：“不怕，许书记他们在，我们很安心。该转移都转移出去了，不通知转移就说明这里相对安全，村干部天天在村里巡逻值守，没什么可担心的。”记者了解到，受灾最重的两户村民，一户在外租房居住，另一户暂住朋友家中。

七 | 受灾房屋已清扫完毕，现场拉起警戒线。更长远的安置计划也在推进。许耀文向记者透露，安置新村初步选址在幽径自然村地块，靠近城区、远离山脚洼地，面积约15亩。

八 | “我们正在向上级积极沟通选址方案，上级部门已经来现场查勘过，认为该地块相对平坦，无安全隐患。”许耀文说。新村优先安置地质灾害避险搬迁村民，村内没有宅基地的农户同样可以申请入住。自然村有人值守 应急挖掘机也备好了记者又来到西木坞自然村，走进网格员汤飞的家。上次山洪中，她以为女儿被困家中几近崩溃，两个孩子最终被村干部从三楼楼顶安全救出，家中一楼已被淤泥碎石填满。这次记者看到，一楼已经清理得干干净净。但村里不建议他们在原址重建，“原址地质风险还是很大。”汤飞说，尽管亲身经历财产受损、直面过生命危险，汤飞依旧心态乐观，始终值守防汛一线，主动参与群众转移等各项工作。记者注意到，和一个多月前相比，这里发生了明显变化：过去值守人员主要集中在行政村，如今每个自然村都有街道工作人员、村两委干部联合驻守。洋溪街道组建了由街道干部、村两委、网格员、党员志愿者构成的应急队伍，分片包干、定人定责，确保险情发生后第一时间响应处置。应急装备也升级了。每个自然村都租用了1至2台应急挖掘机，驾驶员随叫随到。

九 | “经历过上次，一旦河道出现堵塞，我们有条件第一时间处置疏通。

十 | ”洋溪街道相关负责人介绍，每个村社还配齐了卫星电话、发电机、排水泵等应急物资，网格员提前入户开展避险宣传。该负责人介绍，经历7月4日山洪和台风“巴威”两轮考验后，街道对防汛体系做了全面复盘，各项措施再加码。严控山塘水库风险，对辖区1座小型水库、8处山塘及配套设施开展全面排查。大坞水库提前一周开闸预泄，所有山塘降至安全水位。同时，街道还落实“现场+视频”双人常态化巡查，防范溢流、溃坝隐患。中午时分，风还在刮，雨时急时缓。许耀文站在村口和记者道别，说了一句和一个月前一样的话：“人在，一切都在。

十一 | ”这一次，他的语气里没有了当时那种哽咽，多了几分笃定。

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Published on:12:47:09